Alfonzo I, King of Portugal ¹

  General Notes:

Afonso I[a] (European Portuguese: [?'fõsu]; 1106 / 25 July 1109 / August 1109 / 1111 \endash 6 December 1185), nicknamed the Conqueror (Portuguese: O Conquistador), the Founder (O Fundador) or the Great (O Grande) by the Portuguese, and El-Bortukali ([in Arabic ?????????] "the Portuguese") and Ibn-Arrink or Ibn Arrinq ([in Arabic ??? ??????? or ??? ???????] "son of Henry", "Henriques") by the Moors whom he fought, was the first King of Portugal. He achieved the independence of the County of Portugal, establishing a new kingdom and doubling its area with the Reconquista, an objective that he pursued until his death.

Afonso was the son of Henry of Burgundy and Theresa of León, co-rulers of the County of Portugal. Henry died in 1112, leaving Theresa as the sole ruler. Unhappy with Theresa's alliance with Galicia, the Portuguese nobility rallied around Afonso, who revolted and defeated his mother at the Battle of São Mamede in 1128 and became Count of Portugal soon afterwards. In 1139, Afonso renounced the suzerainty of the Kingdom of León and established the independent Kingdom of Portugal.

Afonso actively campaigned against the Moors in the south. In 1139 he won a decisive victory at the Battle of Ourique, and in 1147 he conquered Santarém and Lisbon from the Moors. He secured the independence of Portugal following a victory over León at Valdevez and received papal approval through Manifestis Probatum. Afonso died in 1185 and was suceeded by his son, Sancho I.

Alfonzo married Matilda of Savoy, Queen consort of Portugal in 1146. (Matilda of Savoy, Queen consort of Portugal was born about 1125 in County of Savoy and died on 4 Nov 1157 in Coimbra, Kingdom of Portugal.)